Cendant Corporation

Cendant Corporation [1] (a) Related parties make decisions based on information provided through financial statements. It is the auditor’s responsibility to plan and perform audit engagement to offer reasonable assurance that the financial statements are correct and fair. (b) The two main categories of fraud that affect financial reporting include misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting and misstatements arising from misappropriation of assets. c) Factors that auditor’s should consider when assessing the likelihood of material misstatements due to fraud include: whether or not the company has a reason to make something seem consistent (rationalization), whether or not the company or individuals have an incentive or pressure on them, and whether or not the company has the opportunity to commit fraud. (d) Many factors existed during the 1995 to 1997 audits of CUC that created an environment conductive for fraud. For example, CUC’s top management w as aggressive to increase their market share due to the pressure put on them to meet analyst expectations.CUC had been committing the same type of fraud for many years before 1995, so it was rational for them to maintain their consistency. One person even stated that he thought he was only doing his job. The adjustments that were made at the end of each year brought about the opportunity for CUC to also commit fraud. [3] (a) In the Cendant fraud management override occurred when the CUC management recognized deferred revenue as revenue immediately, or delaying recognition of membership cancelations. (b) To further address the risk of management override of internal controls auditors must remain skeptical that management override exists.Auditors should also become familiar with the company and it’s internal controls upon acceptance. [5] (a) A company may want to hire a member of its external audit team because the auditor is familiar with the company, or management has develop ed a strong working relationship with the auditor from working on the audit together. (b) If the client has hired former auditors it might affect the independence of the existing external auditors in fact and appearance. Current auditors may rely on the representation made by former co-workers.

Analogy of Nature vs Nurture

The Human Genome Project, which has attracted its fair share of controversy, set out in the early 1990s to map all 25,000 genes of the human genome (â€Å"About†). The hope was that such discoveries would provide a roadmap to the specific genes which could â€Å"allow us to accurately predict who will develop heart disease, become violent, or become homosexual† (Young). Psychologists, however, have countered this process by pointing out the importance of environmental factors to overall social development. Professor Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London says that â€Å"individual differences in complex traits are due at least as much to environmental influences as they are to genetic influences† (qtd. in Young). This is, in essence, a modern-day battle of nature versus nurture. In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein the conflict is perfectly encapsulated in the character of the monster; is he inherently evil and bloodthirsty, or did harsh societal treatment force him to be that way? It is an age-old question, still yet to be solved. However, through her writing and characterization it becomes clear that the monster began life as fresh and innocent as a regular newborn baby. He only became a true â€Å"monster† in the archetypal sense after enduring hatred and isolation at the hands of the humans he so longed to be. He is, in effect, nurtured into being the murderer that he becomes. Despite his unnatural birth, Frankenstein's creation still exudes the freshness and naivety of a young child discovering things for the first time. The prime example of this is his discovery of fire: â€Å"I found a fire which had been left by some wandering beggars†¦ in my joy I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain† (Shelley 89). He obviously has no life experiences to guide his actions and spends his first few weeks investigating and trying to understand the world around him, much like a newborn would. He even says that â€Å"no distinct ideas occupied my mind† (Shelley 88). This is not a being born a raving lunatic, his mind awash with murderous thoughts. He is simply a blank slate. Once he begins to distinguish light and sound, he continues his fresh exploration, discovering such things as animals, foliage, and warmth. At one point he wanders into an old man's hut, scaring him off. He doesn't intend to cause the man harm, nor does the reaction his appearance receives cause him any emotional distress or give rise to vengeance. He is not the being that he is by the end of the novel, a clear indication of the influence of social and environmental factors on development. In fact, it is not until he sees the De Lacey family for the first time that he begins to truly grasp basic emotions like happiness and sadness; until that point he had only known physical pain and hunger. The De Laceys are essentially the monster's first nurturers, however unknowing they may be. By observing them he becomes aware of human relationships, human emotions, and even human history. He develops a high level empathy for the family; their trials and tribulations were his, and when their were sad so was he. In a way he is exhibiting a highly pure and limited form of emotional expression and understanding for, much like a very young child or even a pet, his own feelings are greatly influenced by, and reflective of, those around him. Since the family provides the basis for the monster's impression of humans, he originally thinks fairly highly of them. The monster, who had started out taking some of their food for his own survival, stopped doing so when he â€Å"found out that in doing this [he] inflicted pain on the cottagers† (Shelley 96). To make amends he instead gathers firewood for them, and is filled with satisfaction upon knowing that he saved them from even a small amount of hardship. It is from the De Laceys that he first learns of kindness and love, and of the bonds of family and friendship. If he was truly born a monster it is doubtful that he would have any capacity whatsoever for empathy and love. At this point in the novel, though, it's quite apparent that the so-called â€Å"demon† has a interior that belies his frightening exterior appearance. The monster also learns how to read, write, and speak by intently observing the De Laceys. This act of humanization further endears the family to him, and is his major step towards joining human society. Of course this is all thrown out the window when, after meticulously planning on how to reveal his presence to the family, they receive him with less than open arms: Felix violently ejects him from their cottage, while Safie runs away in disgust and Agatha faints upon seeing his form. This is the first of several traumatic experiences with the human race that totally throws the monster's worldview out-of-whack; where before he saw only gentleness and love he soon comes to associate humans with hatred and violence. Next the monster gets shot after saving a girl from drowning in a river. However he still does not respond violently towards either the girl or the attacker; instead he merely wanders off, injured and confused. It would seem that he has yet to become the violent murderer the majority of the story sees him as. At this point, though, he does vow â€Å"eternal hatred and vengeance on all mankind† (Shelley 126), which is a far cry from the admiration he expressed for their race only days before. This is the turning point in the monster's behavior; from here on out his thought process is radically changed. Society and mankind have totally rejected him by this time, and again like a child he takes these insults to heart and responds in a somewhat over-the-top manner. The monster's brutal murder of William, Frankenstein's younger brother, is the first occurrence to truly display any sort of demonic tendencies. By this point, though, his heart and mind have been shaped by nearly two years of life experiences, many of them negative. After all, he lives, apart from observing the De Laceys, in total isolation. He is then deemed a monster by all of society, and cast out. He is even shot for doing a heroic deed. Add on his knowledge of the bloody history of human civilization (which is filled with war and revenge) and his exposure and identification with Satan in Milton's Paradise Lost and it is not entirely surprising to see his mindset so rapidly altered. Of course he goes on to kill many more of Frankenstein's loved ones, and eventually indirectly causes the death of Frankenstein himself, though these heinous crimes are born out of a lack of nurture, not simply just his natural personality. In fact, like many serial killers before and after him, the monster lacks any sort of parental figure. His father, Frankenstein, was so disgusted by him that he ran away and never came back. History has shown us that growing up fatherless can have severe ramifications upon a child's psyche and development. Numerous sociologists and psychologists have come to the conclusion that a fatherless childhood increases the likelihood that said child will turn to a life of crime or depression, and with 70% of long-term prison inmates and 72% of adolescent murderers coming from fatherless homes that assumption appears to be correct (Popenoe). This is a clear endorsement of the importance of nurture over nature in that this environmental change has such a large effect on the future of these children. Many, of course, come to resent and hate the man who walked out on them. This is the case with the monster, whose quest for vengeance against his creator provides the main plot of the novel. The monster falls victim to the numerous environmental forces working against him, from societal isolation to the abandonment of his father. His ultimate personality is filled with rage and anger, though it is not without the kinder traits he picked up from the De Lacey family. He confesses at the end of the novel of his remorse at his crimes: â€Å"No guilt, no mischief, no malignity, no misery can be comparable to mine† (Shelley 203). Two of the most important quotes, though, appear at the end of the novel as well: the monster essentially conveys Shelley's exact point in the nature vs. nurture battle when he says that his â€Å"heart was fashioned to be susceptible of love and sympathy† (Shelley 202) and that he â€Å"cannot believe that [he is] the same creature whose thoughts were once filled with sublime and transcendent visions of the beauty and majesty of goodness† (Shelley 204). Even he recognizes the changes that have taken place inside his own psyche, and he understands that it is his life experiences and environment that is to blame for this. In these final quotes, he also makes it clear that he started out life fresh and new, without a demonic cell in his body, and that his first experiences were those of kindness and joy. It was not until after his mind began to form that he was exposed to the concepts of hatred and vengeance. With the character of Frankenstein's monster, Shelley has created not only one of the most iconic misunderstood villains of literature but also formed an entire thesis on the concept of nature versus nurture in human development. By making the monster a blank slate, and morphing his personality based upon the different cataclysmic events that shape his life, Shelley clearly states her support for the nurture side of the argument. In a way the entire novel could be seen as an argument in defense of the belief that it is the child's environment and form of nurture received (be it good, bad, or non-existent) that provides the basis for their personality and character. Of course genetics does play a role in such areas. People are generally not born serial killers, nor are they born as charitable saints. Parenting plays a huge role in early development, as many professionals have proven, and the monster's lack of a single parent largely attributes to his personality defects. This point, combined with the isolation and hatred that he endured, are the reasons that he turned towards a path of murder and destruction.

Business Capstone Project Responsibility

The investigation introduced in the paper highlights the importance of product market based on money spent on packaging (size, labelling, color material and design) and the way it has been constitutes to be one of the ponents in the customer perception. Nevertheless, there has been effective contribution towards the quality packaging of the product that further adds weight to the research. Moreover, investment done on packaging can be analyzed based on the Australian supermarkets Coles and ALDI and the way it had been supporting in decision making of buying milk products from the store. Packaging is the process of evaluation through design, distribution, labelling, and colour that helps in giving a pretty face to the customers view so that it can attempt to attract customers’ attention to motivate the product’s consumption. However, packaging remains to be i plete if there is no design, style, colour, shape or the material used, as they are deemed appealing to the customers irrespective of the choices made by them. On the other hand, appearance of the product not only adds to be the means of munication for the brand but also helps in conveying brand meaning to the customers (Schleenbecker and Hamm 2013). There are several ways that product designs influence consumer preference. The design of a product determines consumers ´ first impression of the product and quickly can municate product advantage. In addition, the design of a product will generate consumer inferences regarding several product attributes. Furthermore, the product or package appearance can reinforce the image of a brand, as the identity of a brand is expressed visually in the appearance of products (Riley, Martins da Silva and Behr 2015). Although, there are large individual and time-specific differences in the experience of colour and form, there are certain associations that seem to be relatively constant. Overviews of the influence of colour and form on consumer perception of symbolic value (and ergonomic and aesthetic value as well). For example, angular forms are associated with masculinity and dynamism, while roundness evokes femininity and softness (Raheem, Vishnu and Ahmed 2014). On the other hand, when it es to milk products, the packaging needs to be soothing as well as feminine such that with a picture of cow with white background can be forting to eyes as well as eye catching. However, the packaging concept in milk should be regular and not so fancy because they are obtained from natural plants (Okenwa 2016). Moreover, labelling of the pack should be highlighting more on nutrient balance, amount per saving and ingredients. Aldi and Coles, being one of the top retail stores in Australia wish to see their product shelved and making profit. Although, initially, the profit might be cut but later the same process will lead to more sales. Conversely, the use of sale packaging according to customer perception held to be of relevant factors in optimization. This is because from an environment as well as economical perspective, though it’s a costly venture but primary research showed that needs of customers for products like milk and baby care products can only be satisfied based on performance, reliability and packaging (Alvarez et al. 2016). Accordingly, it can be said that, packaging even constitute to be an important aspects that Coles and Aldi should focus on as it adds value to customer perception. In addition, shape, size, design and colour needs to be maintained so that the customers remain inclined towards a product like milk which can be added value through consistency. Milk/food packaging is the holder that holds, secures, saves and distinguishes the item, and which likewise encourages capacity and mercialization. Packaging likewise assumes a noteworthy part in drawing in customer consideration and affecting shopper buy choices. Concerning, current packaging market, bundling gives sustenance organizations the last opportunity to convince customers to purchase the item before brand choice. Along these lines, all bundling ponents must be consolidated to pull in the shopper when acquiring the product. However, the quality in packaging is perceived on two views- first is perceived quality and the second is objective quality. Perceived quality is different from actual reality as it is a higher level of abstraction than a particular attribute towards the products. As a result, the judgement is only made based on the consumer suggested set. The perceived quality differs from objective quality but it not only helps in adding ideal standards but it also helps in analysing the packaged goods based on technical and manufacturing based quality. However, when it es to sensitive products like baby care and milk products, the superiority and excellence of material attracts the consumer while paying more attention to the concept â€Å"health† (Jhandir 2012). The perceived quality ponent can be explained with the specific and intrinsic attributes to infer as well as indicate quality that not only sustains to higher level of abstract dimensions but also generalizes to quality of products. Figure: Perceived Quality ponent Source: (Akdeniz, Calantone and Voorhees 2013) When we analysed the â€Å"Total Food Quality Model† the â€Å"health† dimension not only adds to the perceived quality of the product but also helps the customers in decision-making. According to (), TFQM integrates the multi-featured and the various levelled ways to deal with quality recognition. In addition, it incorporates two other real ponents of shopper conduct in milk products and organic products, in particular the aim to buy, as a trade-off between give and take segments and the clarification of customer fulfilment, as the variation amongst experienced and expected quality (Yin et al. 2016). The following diagram that studies the basic outline of before purchase can be given as under. The model accordingly incorporates rationale or worth satisfaction, the way satisfaction of the customers adds to the a plishment of coveted ou es and qualities. External/ Outward cues, for example, label and information create assumptions about u monly high eating quality; precisely, giving the customer a sentiment extravagance and delight of life. The qualities looked for by buyers will not only affect quality measurements that are looked for but also studies the changed cues that could be seen and addressed. The grouping from prompts/cues, through quality increases the buy intentions based on the hierarchy of progressively theoretical intellectual order (Beneke et al. 2013). The packaging ultimately adds and signifies the overall features as well as uniqueness and originality to the sensory evaluation of milk products that help in brand preferences and municates favourable as well as implied meaning of the product (Drake et al. 2009). When it es to milk products, it is important that the nutritional value of the product is added highlighting good quality protein, easily digestible fat, source of iron and vitamin with calcium. Although, package labelling constitutes to be the â€Å"sense of seeing† that adds additional value. Moreover, sales of the packaging can only be increased by shelf impact, band imagery and functional and satisfaction after using the product (Young 2016). Accordingly, packaging helps in increasing sales of the product majorly, through its size and design and the way customer perceive it quality to be after going through the facts stated through labelling. In addition, it links to business value as an evidence while documenting shoppers decision. The sales helps on the impact of preference as well as petition in the market because Coles and Aldi are petitors justifying their packaging through price while ensuring market share at the same time. On the other hand, foster packaging innovation will lead to mitment and process while assessing new concepts in the marketing world. Corporate Social Responsibility ensures sustainability because of its corporate philanthropic nature tha not only directly benefits the shareholders but also in building brand imaging. CSR portrays the degree to which authoritative results are steady with societal qualities and desires. At its grass roots, being socially mindful has been a worry especially related to the justification that organizations will probably do well in a thriving society than in one that is going into disrepair (Gurung 2013). In today’s petitive marketplace, packaging with the organization guarantees economic profitability. However, to operate in the healthy society, it is important that the resources emphasized to the product offerings are not harmful and are not discontinued in the environment such that pany can emphasise environmentally friendly manufacturing and packaging materials (Sparks, Perkins and Buckley 2013). On the other hand, when it es to packaging, full disclosure about materials as well as origin is important to meet the practices of reporting and meeting the goals. Packaging is the only basis through which the organization depicts its CSR to the customers. Product bundling has the capacity that fits for CSR messages, since it permits purchasers to show their backing of capable organizations to themselves as well as other people, and the data is promptly accessible to them. Besides, the significance of packaging as a promoting tool is progressively recognized, since it empowers promoting munication to happen in the genuine acquiring circumstance and it a panies with the buyers into their homes (Pedersen 2013). The basic functions of packaging holds to be true for protection, preservation, facilitating distribution, promoting customer choice as well as consumer convenience. This form of marketing munication of CSR through packaging is unique because it not only enforces the purchase decision but also adds value to the product every time it is used. As per the list, it is important that environmental and health consciousness can likely occur on packages which can be considered as a value driven package consideration for environment and social causes. However, CSR can be beneficial to packaging through the elements of packaging influencing consumer’s purchase behaviour (Kuvykaite, Dovaliene and Navickiene 2015). Figure: Elements of Package and Consumer’s Purchase Behaviour Source: (Kuvykaite, Dovaliene and Navickiene 2015) However, when analysed on milk products, a brand logo that depicts a cow with a pleasing punch line as well as visual representation of environmentally checked product can not only receive environmental friendly process but also signifies a colour and size that looks fit for the kids. Moreover, milk products also employs labelling to convey CSR on the package and represent the product as responsibly manufactured which can be used while ensuring sustainability standards (Deselnicu, Costanigro and Thilmany 2012). Accordingly, the Corporate Social Responsibility and packaging labelling and design not only adds to the customers value but also ensures that the product is safe and secure. However, Aldi and Coles should also depicts their CSR through Products as external practices may be visible but internal practices can attract and retain the customers in the long run. The brand preference and packaging expenditure are moreover a relationship that is negatively influenced in a way that as the brand preference increases, the organization can lessen its expense on packaging while lowering expenditure. On the other hand, brand preference is assumed to be beneficial only when the product is recognized in the market and the customers are known to the alternatives. However, it is important that buying decision making should be   observed based on the impact of change that is significant on consumer perception, needs and tests, while additionally, adding products that are manufactured as well as changed on their subsequent positioning. Although, these changes have influenced consumer awareness but also have increased demand for products leading to expenditure in packaging depending on the consumer choices (Ahaiwe and Ndubuisi 2015). To conclude, it can be said that packaging holds to have equal important that any other marketing strategy used in the products. However, organizations need to adapt to different methods of packaging that not only increases the product sales but at the same time increase the corporate social responsibility of the product. Moreover, the packaging expenditure needs to be initially invested to shelf the product but later once the brand preference increases, the packaging expenditure can be less and the changing can be made in the process of innovation. Ahaiwe, E.O. and Ndubuisi, U., 2015. The Effect Of Packaging Characteristics On Brand Preference For Cosmetics Products In Abia State, Nigeria.  British Journal of Marketing Studies,  3(8), pp.79-90. Akdeniz, B., Calantone, R.J. and Voorhees, C.M., 2013. Effectiveness of marketing cues on consumer perceptions of quality: The moderating roles of brand reputation and thirdà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ party information.  Psychology & Marketing,  30(1), pp.76-89. Alvarez, A., Garcà ­a-Cornejo, B., Pà ©rez-Mà ©ndezà ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚  c, J.A. and Roibà ¡s, D., 2016. Diversification in Spanish Dairy Farms: Key Drivers of Performance.EEvery Generation Needs Its Leaders., p.163. Beneke, J., Flynn, R., Greig, T. and Mukaiwa, M., 2013. The influence of perceived product quality, relative price and risk on customer value and willingness to buy: a study of private label merchandise.  Journal of Product & Brand Management,  22(3), pp.218-228. Deselnicu, O., Costanigro, M. and Thilmany, D., 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives and Consumer Preferences in the Dairy Industry. In2012 Annual Meeting, August 12-14, 2012, Seattle, Washington  (No. 124616). Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. Drake, M.A., Drake, S., Clark, S., Costello, M., Drake, M. and Bodyfelt, F., 2009. The Sensory Evaluation of dairy products. Grunert, K.G., 2005. Food quality and safety: consumer perception and demand.  European Review of Agricultural Economics,  32(3), pp.369-391. Gurung, R., 2013. The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives and Customer Centric Initiatives on Customers. Jhandir, S.U., 2012. Customer satisfaction, perceived service quality and mediating role of perceived value.  International Journal of Marketing Studies,4(1). Kuvykaite, R., Dovaliene, A. and Navickiene, L., 2015. Impact of package elements on consumer’s purchase decision.  Economics and Management, (14), pp.441-447. Okenwa, N.J., 2016.  Consumer Acceptance of Made in Nigeria Packaged Food Products in Enugu (A Study of Packaged Cosmetics and Food Products)  (Doctoral dissertation). Pedersen, A. 2013.  CSR munication via Product Packaging: A General Discussion and an analysis of Innocent Drinks. Pure.au.dk. Available at: https://pure.au.dk/portal/files/45284499/BA_for_upload.pdf.%20Retrieved,%20June%2010 [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016]. Raheem, A.R., Vishnu, P. and Ahmed, A.M., 2014. Impact of product packaging on consumer’s buying behavior.  European Journal of Scientific Research,  120(2), pp.145-157. Riley, D., Martins da Silva, P. and Behr, S., 2015. The impact of packaging design on health product perceptions. Schleenbecker, R. and Hamm, U., 2013. Consumers’ perception of organic product characteristics. A review.  Appetite,  71, pp.420-429. Sparks, B.A., Perkins, H.E. and Buckley, R., 2013. Online travel reviews as persuasive munication: The effects of content type, source, and certification logos on consumer behavior.  Tourism Management,  39, pp.1-9. Yin, S., Chen, M., Chen, Y., Xu, Y., Zou, Z. and Wang, Y., 2016. Consumer trust in organic milk of different brands: the role of Chinese organic label.British Food Journal,  118(7). Young, S. 2016.  Documenting the "Business Value" of New Packaging Innovations - Perception Research Services International. Prsresearch . Available at: https://www.prsresearch /prs-insights/article/documenting-the-business-value-of-new-packaging-innovations/ [Accessed 15 Sep. 2016].

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 19

Project management - Essay Example People must be able to communicate with the app users. Additionally, the information that is available on the app must correspond to the location where the pet is located. As there are pets constantly in certain areas moving in and out of shelters and are eligible for adoption, it will be necessary to constantly update the app. A project manager must be able to collect all of the information and may require a substantial amount of the work to be delegated in order to become established with adoption locations to see what pets are up for adoption. It can be a tedious task for the project manager but without this information, the app is useless to the user. For the app to be most useful to a user, it must be easy to navigate. Less text and more pictures. They must be able to have an experience they do not forget. However, with this app in mind, it is likely that once a person uses the app and adopts the pet, that they will likely not ever use it again but only relay the message on to someone else that it exists. Everyone working on the ap p must communicate so that all information is dispersed and fresh information is updated constantly with this type of mobile app. This will take around the clock updates. The people who want to know about the app will be the people that use it. It can be announced via social media networking and information about the app will be dispersed at the participating pet adoption centers, making it easier for people to recognize that their local animal shelter is cooperating in order for a successful adoption

PHD dissertation proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

PHD dissertation proposal - Essay Example Present day applications of information and communications technologies in healthcare have posted the domain to such a level that the physicians seem to be possessing supernatural powers. Telemedicine is one such tested, reliable and a dependable application of information and communications technologies in healthcare. In the recent past, researchers and practitioners have defined telemedicine as a branch of e-health that uses communications networks for delivery of healthcare services and medical education from one geographical location to another. It is deployed to overcome issues like uneven distribution and shortage of infrastructural and human resources [Sood et al. 576]. Telemedicine not only promises to address certain healthcare issues but it also aims to enhance quality and speed medical services. Telemedicine has shown to save time by avoiding unnecessary travel and also saves costs as far as the consumers of healthcare services are concerned. Telemedicine has been considered equally useful for developed as well as developing countries, telemedicine has been tried by using almost all the communications modalities ranging from plain old telephone system to 3G mobile communications networks [Garawi, 91]. Although the technology of telemedicine holds immense potential to address some of the mentioned above issues but still this technology of social relevance has not gained its ground at the rate comparable to other information systems such as those centered on eBusiness/eCommerce, the more so when there is plenty of evidence justifying the need for telemedicine [Rissam, 9]. Unfortunately, healthcare has been stated to be one of the slowest sectors to adopt and implement information technology [England, 177]. It is a fact that very little is known about hospitals’ adoption of information technology (Burke, 350). Healthcare systems world over can be characterized as laggards in

Nursing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing - Article Example The article maintains that the health industry has critical lapses in its implementation of modern technology in its leadership structures. In addition, the author acknowledges the static nature of work environment and the need to restructure leadership policies. Thus, the article compliments health management literature. My Analysis The modern business environment is characterized by scarcity of resources and, hence the need for effective management. Application of technological innovations has been identified as a significant aspect of management in the modern business environment. Although the health sector deals with the inherent problem of people’s health, it requires effective management. This indicates the existence of a legitimate research problem for analysis. The author utilizes both qualitative and quantitative research methods to explore the extent of the problem. In particular, the researcher utilizes quantitative techniques to measure the level of application of information technology in the health sector. This enables him to make a precise comparison of the health industry with other industries of equivalent interests. To complete his analysis, the researcher utilizes qualitative research techniques to establish factors that have contributed to lack of application of information technology in the health industry. ... To enhance credibility of his argument, the author cites primary articles from refereed journals and government publications. The paper concludes its analysis with recommendation that calls for speedy implementation of information technology in the health industry. Areas of first priority include prescription and patient’s progress records. Application I consider the article relevant to the current teaching and nursing practice. It is interesting to note that the health sector lags behind other industries in its application of information technology, despite its significance to the society. This signifies the need to have conclusive restructure of the entire system beginning with training programs for nurses. I consider the problem as a twofold problem due to patient’s contribution. The conservative nature of patients and other beneficiaries of public health services have contributed to the delayed implementation of information system in the health industry. Thus, the p ublic needs relevant training as a prerequisite for the implementation. In addition, there is need to create user-friendly systems that can be utilized by different categories of users. Integration of the newly developed systems into the current work environment should also involve all stakeholders. I consider the issue critical for the sustainability of the health sector and I recommend speedy reforms. Professional Organization â€Å"Factors Affecting Nurses' Decisions to Join and Maintain Membership in Professional Associations† Summary Professional organizations are effective tools in maintain professionalism and social welfare among workers. Although nurses comprise majority of health workers in a given country, most of have not discovered the values of joining

Gangs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gangs - Essay Example There are accounts to prove these claims and with this, they tend to resort on things, which worsen their personalities-Drugs, theft, robbery, sexual assaults and even murder are some of the crimes that they commit. There are measures that are continuously done by the authorities to prevent or at least lessen this kind of activities. Most of the people have put the blame on their parents while some attributed this kind of occurrence to the leniency of laws particularly in correcting the children, which deals in sparing the rod. Most of the critics agree that this kind of method spoils the children and they likewise feel that they are free to do whatever they want to do. These things do occur and parents are the pointed culprits on these. They (parents) suffer such a fate since it is their responsibilities to raise their children. However, is it enough to put the blame on the parents alone How about when these children are out of their homes It is an established fact that most of the boys and girls in their puberty age shows untoward behavior and such occurrences do have different reasons, which the science cannot explain to date. When juveniles commit illegal activities, they were arrested and tried as most of the states here claim that it cannot tolerate such untoward behavior. In this case, psychologists and sociologists agree that in order to correct these individuals, the method of correcting them must be different from the method that the justice system applies in reprimanding individuals in legal ages. Juvenile courts are tailored for the correction of minors in order for them to be corrected and become more matured in order to ensure that they would not commit the same mistakes again. Basically, it is divided into three parts "separated into three types: independent and separate courts, part of a family court and unit within a trial court" (Miriam Van Waters, p. 299). This court can either examine or determine the process of correcting a convicted juvenile. Of course, the kind of correction is much lighter than the convicted criminal on the basis that they are on their "tender" or "innocent years." The court also focuses on the development of these individuals, rather than punishment. To add to that, the web also has the definition on juvenile court: legal-explanations.com (2006) stressed that "The court that takes up the cases where there is an involvement of children below eighteen years of age and who are dependant, abused, or out of control. But the cases which has been charged on the under age child as adult cannot be tried in this court. Juvenile Courts 3 A critic claimed, "It is impossible to eradicate juvenile delinquencies if we don't delve on the roots why these things happen." True enough, like most of the crimes and problems, their roots must be eradicated to prevent further harm. In recent studies, most children are involved in gangs and similar organizations solely on the basis of peer pressure in which most of them tend to believe that they should be involved in such organizations for them to cope-up with the society as most of them presume. In this kind of situation, a certain method should be done. In avoiding this kind of scenario to happen, one must know that proper education among the juveniles should be done. This responsibility should not be on the shoulders of

Position paper of a debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Position paper of a debate - Essay Example The annual expenditure for childhood obesity is approximately $ 100 billion (Bandini & Dietz 648). Studies have shown that when a child is obese at the age of between 10 year and 13 years, there is more than 80 percent chance of becoming obese when he or she grows to adulthood. But with exercise, proper nutrition, and support, such obese children can lose weight and live a healthy life marked by healthier habits (Anderson 461). There is need for parents to explore ways of dealing with obesity and help their obese children lose weight. Parents should take advantage of all the opportunities to raise the children’s self esteem. They should not feel ashamed to come up with a health fitness topic. This should be sensitively done so as not to make the obese child view it as an insult. Parents should talk to their obese children openly, directly and without being judgmental or critical (Ball et al. 20). It is important for parents to be sensitive to their children’s feelings and needs. Becoming active is a key lifestyle change that an obese child should undertake. They should be given support and guidance by their parents on the best and comfortable physical activities to engage in. The efforts made by these children towards reducing their weight should constantly be praised (Arslanian & Suprasongsin 157). Celebrating any incremental changes and not rewarding the efforts with food is very important for the parents. Parents should further take an initiative of talking to these children about their feelings. This helps them to find means of dealing with their emotions that do not entail eating. By doing so, the child will be able to focus on the positive goals such as running the necessary number of rounds in a gym class as a way of losing the excess weight (Adiar &Gordon 644). Transitioning a child by parents from an obese condition to a state of a well balanced weight should not be taken to be as

Reasons for Selecting Joanna Eberhart as a Representative in the Film Essay

Reasons for Selecting Joanna Eberhart as a Representative in the Film Stepford Wives - Essay Example During the year 1975 when the movie Stepford Wives was first released, it was widely regarded just as one of the chilling parables about men’s fears of feminism at the same time it was considered as a tale of horror which worked as a one of the social satire on bigotry. For sure, it struck a few women’s liberationists as a ham-fisted tried to cash in on the movements. Therefore it is curious that the term ‘Stepford’ wives that have really enjoyed such a strong meaning in our culture, is rarely used during a critique of sexism. The term has usually signified the kind of feminine perfectionism that is greatly evidenced in the domestic realm, though not necessarily in the services offered by husbands.   This clearly evokes the existing critique freak rather than hopeless submission that women have over their husbands as seen in the new 2004 film. Therefore, Eberhart Joanna is chosen to clearly bring out the subject of the story to show how men transform thei r wives into some cookie-baking robots. On the other hand, another most sticking thing regarding the original Stepford Wives, both the movie and the novel is generally how children occupy a small place. The protagonist Eberhart Joanna and her husband move out of Manhattan to a suburban Connecticut partially due to the reason that schools were much better there, though there is nothing else much about that fact is made. A Stepford Wives that acts as a satire today would definitely be different from its predecessor. It would be just as less about the project of trying to perfect children like that of perfecting wives. At the same time, it would be the collaboration between the ambitious mothers and fathers who always believe so much in the meritocracy as well as doing whatever it takes in order to rig it in the attention of their own offspring’s Ivy League prospects. This would be about shameless kind of string-pulling so as to get kids into the right nursery schools.  

China in the 20th century Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

China in the 20th century - Essay Example Twentieth century has been the period of great massive changes for China. This has been a period of revolution with changes all round including governments, economy, political and cultural. Twentieth century China is an epitome of great sociopolitical changes This has been a period of revolution with changes all round including governments, economy, political, social and cultural. Twentieth century China is an epitome of great sociopolitical changes (Schoppa). This changing face of China has its effects on the economic and political future of China. This paper aims at exploring and critically analyzing the three systematic challenges the current leadership is facing namely the challenge of fragile political institutions and structures, growing strength of societal changes and stability and sustainability of economic, social and political progress. This paper will analyze the effectiveness and efficacy of the reform programs initiated by Chinese government. It aims an in-depth study o f the hurdles the economic reforms are challenged with and the weaknesses of the political system along with the predictions of the future. A brief history of China in Twentieth Century China was one of the most advanced and politically powerful country of the world, with its long Chinese history and rich Chinese civilization at the beginning of the twentieth century. Even at that time too it was the most populous and politically unified country with very advanced agriculture. However when Europeans landed on this region China was stuck in its old traditions with no industrialization. The Chinese traditional government began to fail in the early years of the twentieth century and Western Nations were fighting over as much control as possible. The resentment of this foreign influence by the Chinese people was revealed in Boxer rebellion. The Chinese people replaced their imperial system with Chinese republic led by Sun Yat-sen in 1911. The battle with imperial forces and republican f orces of Sun continued for some time. With the outbreak of First World War china found itself providing laborers for alleged mines and factories. While the internal battle of power in china continued weakening it even further Japan capitalized on the situation. By the end of 1939 Japan’s full blown aggression against China yielded them control over most of the east coast of China. First half of the twentieth century for china mostly meant power struggle, high inflation and economic strife. In 1949 under the leadership of Mao Zedong peoples’ Republic of China was established. The republic of China meant great proletarian cultural reforms. A five year plan which included cultural reform, social reforms, land reforms and economic planning was developed and implemented. China formed a thirty year alliance with Russia against Japan and its allies. It laid the roots of communism in China. Most of the Western world did not establish diplomatic ties with Communist China until 1971. Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai remained China’s leaders until 1976 who transformed China with many of their reforms. With their death power struggle again continued in China resulting in famous incidents like Tiananmen Square. Deng and Zhao Ziyang brought younger generation into power. They implemented policies for modernization of four major sectors namely agriculture, industry, defense and science and technology. (Phill) Future economy of China is the most talked about topic these days. Is this economic growth sustainable? Different aspects of social, political and economic pressures on China along with its weak political structure are the concern of most of the Western world The Institutional Dynamics of China’s Transformation Institutions provide the basic and

King Leopolds Ghost Essay Example for Free

King Leopolds Ghost Essay Between 1880 and 1920, the population of the Congo was slashed in half: some ten million people were victims of murder, starvation, exhaustion, exposure, disease, and a plummeting birth rate. Why do you think this massive carnage has remained virtually unknown in the United States and Europe? During all this death there was only a few who would go down into the Congo because of all its dangers. So with hardly anyone already going down there and those who did brave the dangers would usually come back insane from a disease of some sort, there was just not enough evidence to prove how bad it was really getting even with those who made it out fine. There was also no communication possible only by mail and considering the dangers no persons would risk their life to take a letter to and from the jungle. So how can you, with not enough brave people to go down there, get the information out to the world. But even those who got it out and tried to spread the word would be persecuted for saying such things because nobody wanted to help them because that would put their life in danger. No one in their right mind would even venture down to that part of Africa. So with no phones, pagers, computers, or mail to get the word out and sickness and animals killing most that went down there. Even those who go looking for these camps cannot usually find them because there in rural eras of the jungle which, for some, are impossible to attain. There was just no possible way to get word out to the rest of the world to get help. Now even with all the technology to find and go to them we still don’t hear much of them. We have all the vaccines to fight off all the disease and help the dying people in Africa. So even though we have all that still not much people want to help because they are caught up in the world they are living in and nothing else matters until they get what they need and want. The human race is selfish and only looks out for themselves. Question 6 The European conquest and plunder of the Congo and the rest of Africa was brutal, but so was the European settlement of North America and, long before that, the conquest of most of European by the Romans. Hasn’t history always proceeded in this way? Well yea, history has a way of repeating itself. Nothing only happens one time in history. There is always going to be those crazy Hitler type people out there and those who go power drunk and take over their country and then try to take over the world. And yes, whenever you go exploring a new place it’s going to be difficult. Have you ever heard someone say’ â€Å"I went exploring a new continent and it was easy. † There is so much that goes into exploration. You need tools, maps, guides, protection from animals and natives. Pretty much anything new you do is not going to be easy for you to do. Anything you do needs time, practice, and plans, but most important in needs to be organized. If nothing was organized the world would be in chaos. So yes history has and will be forever keep repeating itself to keep balance and stability to the world. It will always have its ups and always have its downs. It doesn’t matter who or what you do to try and prevent it. God has established the status quo and there is nothing anyone can do about it. Question 13 Hochschild quotes Roger Casements as insisting to Edmond Morel’s â€Å"I do not agree with you that England and America are the two great humanitarian powers †¦ [they are] materialistic first and humanitarian only a century after. † What evidence supports or refuses Casement’s judgment? Would Casement be justified in making the same statement today? Now back in that time we were more of a humanitarian country because first of all we didn’t have all the same technology we did today. Second we were pretty much a new country and we were trying to make a good name for us. Then third we went to war for other which was no cause of our own and all we did was help out less fortunate countrys than us. See now during this time it is a little different. We have all sorts of distractions. We have technology, we have more murder, and we are being more protective of our people. We use to go to war for no cause just to help out but now when we are attacked we don’t want to go to war. So you can say we are and have been a little of both the whole time. Back then we went to war to help people now we are sending missionaries to camps around the world to help people. But in the end let’s hope that we become more

Class I Railroad and Teacher Essay Example for Free

Class I Railroad and Teacher Essay Any other day in school was the same, going to class going to lunch and going home that was until I saw my schedule change. I was a bit shy not knowing what to expect from my new classes and what were they going to be like. When I come into my new class I felt scared, it was like a western movie, when a cowboy walk into a bar and its dead silence nothing but eyes staring at me and not in a good way. I was put in Mr. U Jimenez classroom. After a couple of days in the class it was still harsh but it was getting better for me. It was fun on some days and that’s when I knew I was getting along with others. Eventually I caught up and was right on track. In my new class the first few things I did was stay calm, be happy and try to go along with others. The first day of my class was towards the end of the first trimester. It was crazy knowing I had to start a new trimester in a different class; it was crazy because when the teacher would send a student out with him the class will go nuts because they had â€Å"free time† and got away from class work for a couple of minutes. After a couple of days in the class it just went from a fun class to a disaster. I’m not such a fast writer and well when it came to taking notes in Mr.  U Jimenez class it wasn’t so good for me. I wrote as fast as I could but unfortunately I wasn’t fast enough. Before I could finish my notes the power point would change and both the class and I wouldn’t have a chance to finish. On the first day of class I also witnessed that the teacher called five different student parents for bad behavior. Knowing that the first day was like this I thought a lot about what the rest of the school year would be like. People feel many different ways on their first few day of class. I felt that in the first few days of being in the class were ok but then the other few days of class weren’t. I felt afraid of my teacher at first because of how strict he was. I also dislike yelling and people telling my parents bad news about me. In some occasions (not to be crazy) I wanted to strangle Mr. U Jimenez and maybe a couple of the other kids because of how annoying they are but I’m only thirteen and well I don’t want to go to jail so I decided to put up with my feelings towards that class and just do as well as I could. However my teacher does have some kind moments and rewards us with candy. The class can be fun like the poem project I did. I enjoyed doing that, we had some good times expressing urselves, getting created, and getting to know my classmates a little more in class. I felt many different reactions in class. Some days I was pretty happy in class and other times I was pretty annoyed and wanted to leave or scared. It would be fun because the teacher was cool on some days. Once in a while the class would get to play who wants to be a millionaire or some educational activity. I’d have a good time in the class joking around with my friends. On other days it’s pretty annoying because my teacher would be mean. He calls my mom in front of the whole class and it’s pretty embarrassing. When my teacher keeps us in class it’s because a student has lost one of his many pen, he wants back. When we do activities in the class and when it comes to questions I react in a shy way and stay quiet and hope he doesn’t pick me. If the class is crazy for a long time it won’t stay that way for long. I’d be kind of surprised and scared because Mr. U Jimenez yells and says shut it and sit down in our seats. Soon were back to taking fast notes and listening to lessons all over again. My reactions toward school were never really exciting anyways. My behavior has changed thorough Mr. U Jimenez class. When I came to his class my behavior hasn’t change but I had to try now and then. At first I felt scared and a bit shy so I don’t think my behavior was too bad but after a while I felt comfortable. When I started feeling comfortable in class I was a bit crazy at some points. I now I’m lazy because I don’t want to do my work or pay attention but I don’t think I’m as lazy anymore. I know I need to pass my class so I try a little harder now. When Mr. U Jimenez gets mad we all get mad, even though he is always in a grumpy mood. Sometimes when he’s mad I don’t really understand him he says things that don’t make sense; well to me that is and again he starts to call parents sometimes he does it randomly too. I know I don’t like it when he calls my mom. Neither my mom and I like my teacher’s calls but its best for her to know that I’m not doing so well in class so I can improve better and try harder, when Mr. U Jimenez calls or sends papers talk about my behavior in class nor missing assignments my mom doesn’t give me my allowance and she takes my we and my TV, my mom would just start to tell me all these things about school to do better and improve my grades. Sometimes I forget Mr. U Jimenez name and call him (fat teacher) not to be mean Mr. U Jimenez but I’m trying to behave myself. There were many things I felt when I started my new class. I had so many things going through my mind. I was thinking about how I would feel, my reactions, my behavior and what it would be like. When it was a no teacher zone the students would get pretty crazy. On some days the teacher would scary me and annoy me so I would know my reaction for the day until I got out of class. Some days were better than others like the games we play and the activities that we would do. It would be cool when we play games because for the people that won they’d get rewarded with candy. My behavior has changed in my classroom and I’ve gotten use to my class. Now all I ‘m trying to do is to pass Mr. U Jimenez class so I can go to High School and pass science or my mom will kill me and send me to summer school. If I don’t pass I can’t go to San Francisco on our Vacation Mr. U Jimenez I know that I’m not one of your best students but I’m trying my mom always keep on saying u are smart I can do anything if I just try hard and pay attention and listen like I’m with math I just don’t know it till don’t come out of me still.

Strategies for Password Cracking

Strategies for Password Cracking Abdulmalik Nasser The aim of my project is to give ICT students an idea of the mechanism of cracking password using an using John the ripper. I will also explain the process that the application does to crack a password. Moreover,I will talk about password complexity. how does the complexity increase the cracking time? are there intractable passwords? why? encryptions . Finally , I will explain different types of cracking like brute force, dictionary attack etc. Password cracking is one of the oldest hacking arts. Every system must store passwords somewhere in order to authenticate users. However, in order to protect these passwords from being stolen, they are encrypted. Password cracking is the art of decrypting the passwords in order to recover them. Passwords are the most common means of authentication. Passwords are protected by using one-way cryptographic algorithms that produce a hash of set length. Cryptography can only protect something to the point where the only feasible attack on the encrypted secret is to try and guess it. However, in the case of passwords guessing is easy. Passwords are insecure by nature because they are used for preventing humans from guessing a small secret created by humans. To understand how to get a good understanding about password, we have to understand how they are stored in a system. To store a password in a text form is strongly unacceptable. The same thing when storing the passwords deep in tree of directories that would result in Security through Obscurity and this is also unacceptable. Unix management file system gives an acceptable solution: one of the main distributions of Multicast (the precursor to Unix) stored the file of password in a clear text, but it can be seen by a super user only. This was a improper solution. Also caused a bug to which switching some temporary file and showed the password in text being printed for all the clients when they login. Unix instead of doing that, saves the passwords that were hashed in the password file and not the actual passwords. After that, as the user puts his password , the system has the ability to simply compare the hash of the user password input and it will be compared with the stored hash value [1]. Â   Â   3.1 What a complex password should include. Figure 1 what password combination should include. A strong password should include what is listed in Fig1 in order to be complex password. so, what complex password means that password that include :Upper lower case letters, symbols and numbers getting that password is an extreme power consumption and time wasting for any password cracker [2]. 3.2 Common passwords Figure 2 : the most common passwords According to a study that was accomplished by David Bisson in 2014 . The result shows the most common passwords that are used on the Internet which any cracker would definitely add to his word list. These are typical example of an obvious passwords and easy to crack unfortunately. Easy passwords like what is shown above is very easy to guess it would not even use processor of the cracker it will be in his word list, because these passwords are the most common passwords at all time. So, any password cracker would definitely start cracking the password with guessing such passwords [3]. Figure 3: TOP 100 password hints by category [4] Fig3 shows the result of a study that was done by Troyhunt shows how people choose their password. Guessing a password from the E-mail address: Figure 4: Passwords derived from the email address [4] Figure 5: Number of Password combinations alphanumeric Password [5] The table above shows number of possibilities based on the password length so, any digit of the password is considered as process loop. Each digit can have 64^ the number of digits. Imagine having 13 characters that 64 raised to the power of 13 its an extremely big number of combination that the cracker has to try. Its extreme based on the source of the cracker processor and its also based on time. 3.3 Password complexity and Time Complex password is extremely important for securing your data and information. Most of the people think their password is being hacked or sniffed but the main reason for their password was not complex so, the depending on the assigned password the time will be proportional for example, three digit numeral or alphabet password ahc, 897, or even abc432 would take less than a second for cracking. However,[emailprotected] would take almost a month to be cracked, because the cracking cycle will go checking numbers,alphabet,and symbols and that is why complex password is strongly required [6]. The quicker your PC can hash passwords, the more you can crack in a given certain of time, and that results in a better chance of having of cracked passwords. We used John The Ripper because it is an open source cracking tool which is available on almost all Linux distros. However, it is not usually the best choice. John runs depending upon the CPU, but password hashing can be launched really efficiently depending upon graphics cards. Hashcat is password cracking tool that can run on graphics cards, and on the right hardware can do much better than John. Password cracking computers most of the time have number high-performance GPUs and depend on these for their rapidity . You might not find Hashcat in your distros repositories, but its downloadable on www.hashcat. net (itsfree as in zero cost, but not free as in free software) [7]. 5.1 Cracking tools and applications 5.1.1 Aircrack-ng its a free network hacking tool which include packet sniffer,detector, and various of encryption types cracker. Moreover, it includes Analysis tool that works with WLAN. In addition, this tool can sniff and monitor packets which travels from one person to another. This tool can run in a verity of platforms eg, FreeBSD, OSX, Wubdows, OpenBSD and Linux. Maemo, Zaurus and Android platforms 5.1.2 Crow bar This tool is exclusive on Linux operating systems. It is a free tool that runs a type of password cracking technique called Brute Force. It doesnt save a list of passwords, but try every possible combination of a password. this tool is supporting remote Desktop Protocol with NLA, VNC key authentication, open VPN and SSH private key authentication. 5.1.3 L0phtCrack This is a recovery password auditing app designed by Mudge. It was written to crack windows encrypted passwords. Moreover, it can crack from Primary domain controllers, and network servers or Active Directory. It also allows the user to sniff a password off the wire. This tool can go further and create many methods for guessing a password. It can work only on Microsoft Windows OS. 5.1.4 Medusa It a tool that is designed to be a strong, fast login using brute force. The purpose of this tool is to work with a lot of services remotely at the same time. That means this tool can not only brut force only one host but multiple hosts and passwords at a time. The targeted information can be registered in different methods. So each entry can be single information or file with many entries.Each mod file is for separate mod file . Meaning , this is needed for brute forcing. It is a free tool and Medusa works on Linux and MAC OS X operating systems. 5.1.5 Ophcrack This is a rainbow table that discovers passwords and crack a complex passwords. Moreover, it can crack simple passwords within minutes.In order to get the great advantage of this tool the user has to buy what is so-called rainbow tables to crack complex passwords.This tool is free runs on Linux,Microsoft Windows and MAC operating system. 5.1.6 RainBow Crack This tool is free and runs on Linux,Microsoft Windows, and MAC OS. It is specialized in hash cracking . It is a common brute force cracking tool that tries every combination of plaintext and that results in time consuming for complex passwords. It does not only crack passwords only but store the result in a library called(Rainbow tables).The brute force process takes extremely long time to be done but when using precompute tables it is one of the fastest cracking tool. 5.1.7 SolarWinds This tool works on Windows only .It is also known as FireWall Security Manager. It is the best solution for any company that needs reports and advanced management on their sensitive devices. It can be configured to allow multiple clients to be deployed at Multiple system administrators at once. It also features network discovery router password decryption , SNMP brute force cracker and TCP connection reset application. 5.1.8 THC hydra This tool is free and works on all the operating systems except MAC. This tool allows the user to remotely break into a system and crack a password using different protocols. It crack using fifty protocols. it can crack a network login. it crack the password using the dictionary or brute force attacks. It also features login brute force attack. 5.1.9 Wfuzz This is a free tool that works on Linux Windows and Mac Os. it features the following :multiple injection points capability, recrusion when doing dictionary brute force, Post headers and authentication data brute force, out put to HTML, Proxy and SOCK support. It is usually used to brute force web applications and to find user name and password [8] [9]. 6.1 Overview John the ripper is the best cracking tool ever. John the ripper comes with two versions the popular version is free and there is a pro version which is commercial version. It runs on many platforms like DOS, Unix, BeOS, Win32 and OpenVMS. It is similar to THChydra but the main difference is that Hydra is Online password cracker whereas John the ripper is offline password cracker. It is usually used by hacktivists for penetrating passwords. John the Ripper is a fast password cracker. Period. In fact, you can consider John The Ripper as the definitive password hacking tool. Johnny is a graphical interface that can replace John the ripper to simplify the cracking process instead of using the command line interface. it comes by default with kali Linux. 6.2 John the ripper features Decrypt most guessing hashes using wordlist dictionaries. Ability to specify guessing with certain letters and symbols assigned by the user without using the dictionary. Ability to decrypt more than hash at once. Automatically detect the type of the hash. Rapidly crack passwords. ability to continue guessing process that has started earlier from another device [10] [11]. 6.3 How does John the ripper work? John the ripper cracks the password in four main Modes: 6.3.1 WordList Mode Its the simplest technique that mainly allows the user to assign what is so-called word lists which is a text file includes a password in each line and some password files. Also features the ability of generating other likely password files. 6.3.2 Single Crack Mode this is the mode a user should start cracking with. It assigns the login names. Moreover, it uses GECOS which contain personal information about the user, user home dictionary, also several of rules applied. It also have got the ability to crack other password hashes if guessing is success, it would try the same password for all the hashes because more likely there will be another user with the same password. Usually the administrator should have an access to the a file which contains the users information and passwords. Finally, single mode is much faster because it cracks single password at a time. The user can also use this mode in two different files at the same time [12]. 6.3.3 External Mode To define an external cracking mode you need to create a configuration file section called [List.External:MODE], where MODE is any name that you assign to the mode. The section should contain some functions programmed in a C-like language. John will compile and use the functions if you enable this cracking mode via the command line 6.3.4 Incremental Mode. This is the most effective and powerful cracking mode. It assigns every possible combination of characters for cracking passwords . but it still have a disadvantage which is the cracking process will keep running and will never stop because the tried combination password characters are too large. there for, crackers usually limit the character combinations to lower case so, it doesnt take as much time as if its not set. It uses what is so-calledtrigraph process for example: (aa, ab,ac,etc,), (ba,bc,bd,be,baa,bba etc,) it would not miss any password combination every combination will be tried. Its main advantage is to crack a password in a limited time [11] [10]. 7.1 Brute force attack This technique of password attack That is not actually decrypt any data, but also continue trying a list of password combination eg, words, letters .A simple brute force could be dictionary of all words commn passwords. doing trying cycle until it gets the access to an account. the complex example of brute force is trying every possible combinations of numbers, letters and symbols. However, this technique is the has to be the last option for any cracker because it can take long and the bigger number of encryption (64-32-265)bit the longer time it will take for cracking. 7.2 Dictionary attack This type of password where the cracker can assume the password consisting of string of words, Years, or special number that is chosen from the dictionary. This tool has to be included with what is so-called dictionary input list. The cracker can download a big database including specific vocabularies for example, Sports, movies, and so on. 7.3 Password sniffing This technique called sniff because the the crackers have the ability to sniff the authentication packets that are travelling from the client to the server among the Internet or the local area network. This technique can provide the cracker with hashes or other authentication data necessary for cracking process. There are verity of sniffers tools such as Wireshark,ScoopLM,KerbCrack. The NTLNv2 authentication traffic cannot be sniffed neither by ScoopLM nor Kerbcrack. 7.4 Password capturing Alot of crackers get passwords easily by launching a keyboard sniffing Trojan horse or buying a physical keyboard logging device.According to many reports 82% of the most widely used viruses steal critical data.Most of them sniff passwords. Less than a $100 anyone can get key logging device which is very small and can simply fit between the keyboard and the computers keyboard port. Its also extremely easy to sniff password even from wireless keyboards [13]. To conclude, First, There are verity of applications and tools that you could crack any password. Second, protecting your password requires using strong password. Moreover, there is nothing called uncrackable password its just a matter of time and resources. Finally, the only thing you can do is using strong password and keep changing your password from time to time. [1]M. Tokutomi and S. Martin, Password Cracking. [2]Chit Ko Ko Win, Password management for you, 08:57:17 UTC. [3]D. Bisson, Cracked Ashley Madison passwords consistent with years of poor security, Graham Cluley, 16-Sep-2015. . [4]The science of password selection, Troy Hunt, 17-Jul-2011. [Online]. Available: https://www.troyhunt.com/science-of-password-selection/. [Accessed: 16-Feb-2017]. [5]jsheehan2014, Choosing a Password: Needle in a Haystack, MACED Tech Resource, 15-May-2015. . [6]How Long Would it Take to Crack Your Password? Find Out! Randomize, Random ize. [Online]. Available: http://random-ize.com/how-long-to-hack-pass/. [Accessed: 15-Feb-2017]. [7]B. Evard, JOHN THE RIPPER, linuxvoice, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.linuxvoice.com/issues/008/john.pdf. [Accessed: 13-Feb-2017]. [8]Wfuzz, Concise Courses. . [9]10 Most Popular Password Cracking Tools, InfoSec Resources, 27-Dec-2016. [Online]. Available: http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/10-popular-password-cracking-tools/. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017]. [10]ports, John the Ripper, 18-Feb-2014. [Online]. Available: http://tools.kali.org/password-attacks/john. [Accessed: 19-Feb-2017]. [11]John the Ripper cracking modes, openwall. [Online]. Available: http://www.openwall.com/john/doc/MODES.shtml. [Accessed: 20-Feb-2017]. [12]passwords What exactly is single mode in John the Ripper doing?, Information Security Stack Exchange, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/37072/what-exactly-is-single-mode-in-john-the-ripper-doing. [Accessed: 20-Feb-2017]. [13]Types of Password Attacks, windowsitpro, 30-Jan-2006. [Online]. Available: http://windowsitpro.com/security/types-password-attacks. [Accessed: 02-Mar-2017].

The Free Will of Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Free Will of Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare    â€Å"Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and cauldron bubble.† (Witches, IV, I, 94) Everyone has control over something. Whether it be themselves, someone else, or a possession, they have control. Throughout the play Macbeth, written by Shakespeare, Macbeth is controlled by three witches and also his wife. Macbeth has a free will to choose to do what he wants but he frequently chooses to do what others want or predict of him. In Act I, Scene iii, Macbeth can’t withhold himself from knowing more of what the witches have to predict. He says to them, â€Å"Stay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me more.†(73) This is where the witches begin to gain control over Macbeth, we know this because he doesn’t want them to leave and wants to know more about what he will become. When Macbeth finds out what the witches have predicted of him is coming true, he becomes stunned. He then begins to think of how he will be king, and all the prophecies will be won. Macbeth makes an aside saying, â€Å" Two truths are told as happy prologues to the swelling act of the im perial theme.† (I, iii, 140) Here Macbeth is falling into the trap of the witches by realizing that he will be able to conquer the quest of becoming king. It seems like Macbeth is someone who always gets what he wants, this greed that he has causes a problem. He wants to become king, but others stand in his way, such as Banquo, Fleance, and Macduff. He says in Act I, Scene iv, to Banquo, â€Å"If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me without my stir.† (157) He knows that he has done nothing to become Thane of Glamis, so he doesn’t have to do anything to become king. At this point it seems that Macbeth feels it is destiny for him to be king but it soon changes to his free will. Like stated before, Macbeth thought he had done nothing to become Thane of Glamis but, he had. Macbeth had chopped the king of Norway’s head off during battle. This shows that in order for Macbeth to have gained Thane of Glamis he must kill. When he realizes this, he com es to find out that he will have to get rid of those in his way by killing them to become king. The Free Will of Shakespeare's Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework Free Will of Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare    â€Å"Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and cauldron bubble.† (Witches, IV, I, 94) Everyone has control over something. Whether it be themselves, someone else, or a possession, they have control. Throughout the play Macbeth, written by Shakespeare, Macbeth is controlled by three witches and also his wife. Macbeth has a free will to choose to do what he wants but he frequently chooses to do what others want or predict of him. In Act I, Scene iii, Macbeth can’t withhold himself from knowing more of what the witches have to predict. He says to them, â€Å"Stay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me more.†(73) This is where the witches begin to gain control over Macbeth, we know this because he doesn’t want them to leave and wants to know more about what he will become. When Macbeth finds out what the witches have predicted of him is coming true, he becomes stunned. He then begins to think of how he will be king, and all the prophecies will be won. Macbeth makes an aside saying, â€Å" Two truths are told as happy prologues to the swelling act of the im perial theme.† (I, iii, 140) Here Macbeth is falling into the trap of the witches by realizing that he will be able to conquer the quest of becoming king. It seems like Macbeth is someone who always gets what he wants, this greed that he has causes a problem. He wants to become king, but others stand in his way, such as Banquo, Fleance, and Macduff. He says in Act I, Scene iv, to Banquo, â€Å"If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me without my stir.† (157) He knows that he has done nothing to become Thane of Glamis, so he doesn’t have to do anything to become king. At this point it seems that Macbeth feels it is destiny for him to be king but it soon changes to his free will. Like stated before, Macbeth thought he had done nothing to become Thane of Glamis but, he had. Macbeth had chopped the king of Norway’s head off during battle. This shows that in order for Macbeth to have gained Thane of Glamis he must kill. When he realizes this, he com es to find out that he will have to get rid of those in his way by killing them to become king.

Dalton Trumbos Johnny Got His Gun: The Horror Of War :: War World War I

This document has been removed. Feel free to browse our hundreds of thousands of others.

Robert E. Lee Essay -- Biography Biographies Bio essays research paper

Robert E. Lee Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Few episodes in history are more painful to Americans than the Civil War, fought between the North and the South. This biography, Great American Generals - Robert E. Lee, by Ian Hogg, takes the reader through the life of one of the greatest heroes of that war, Robert E. Lee. It is a thorough, in depth record of the life of Lee and begins with a detailed account of his family history and his birth, through his college years, military experience and his work in later life to his death on October 12, 1870. The first few pages set the scene by listing a substantial amount of facts about the names and backgrounds of his parents Harry and Ann and Lee's wife, Mary Custis, with some reference to his father's army career and political life. After Lee's early years, the reader will learn of his schooling at the Military Academy, West Point, followed by his life in the Army before and after the Civil War. The biography ends in the latter pages with an account of his work after his military career came to an end, and finally, with his death after a prolonged period of ill-health, thought to be stress induced.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Author Ian Hogg is a prolific writer in the field of defense and military technology. He is a weapons expert, having written many books on all types of rifles, shotguns and small arms, such as Modern Rifles, Shotguns and Pistols, and Modern Small Arms. He is an acknowledged expert on infantry weapons and is thought to be the world's leading expert on this and artillery strategies. He is a well known author of military history, and works as a weapons evaluator in addition to his writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Robert E. Lee was born in Stratford, Virginia on January 19, 1807. His father, Henry Lee, had achieved fame with Washington's army as "Lighthorse Harry,"and it was a fame that rested not only on his cavalry exploits but upon sound strategic and tactical ability. A significant portion of his fame was credited to him for beating off a surprise British attack at Spread Eagle Tavern in January, 1778. Unfortunately Harry was egotistical and had a high opinion of his own abilities. Although he achieved the rank of lieutenant-colonel, he felt that he deserved more. When the war ended and he had not advanced in rank he resigned from the army to pursue a career in politics. Henry decided to run for the position... ...nd the circumstances into which he was born on January 19, 1807, and ends with his death on October 12, 1870.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hogg relates the intervening years in an extremely interesting fashion, providing many fascinating and detailed pieces of information. The story is presented in a way that keeps the interest of the reader, and is not boring, even when giving statistics of the various campaigns that Lee undertook. The book appeals not just to Lee fans, but to all history students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pages are filled with numerous detailed maps, and colorful pictures that enhance the view of Lee and his life. Military students will delight in the descriptions of the war, while students of Lee's character are rewarded by fascinating facts of his and his parent's lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hogg presents this painful episode in America's history in a balanced, non-judgemental way. He portrays Lee as a man of great integrity and honor, a true Southern gentleman, and casts no slurs concerning the fact that Lee was on the losing side of a war in which there were no winners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is an exciting and informative book and is one of the more enjoyable books which are required reading for this course.

Effective institution & education

In the increasing diversity and challenges in education, every student looks for an effective institution that will cater their needs and interests as an individual. Each one feels the need to be comfortable not only in the curriculum or degree they are taking but at the same time the availability to expand their knowledge and experience outside the four walls of the classroom.In the end, the integral part of the learning process involves synchronizing student goals with the framework of the school/college.The choice of education has always been an important decision for me as I engage into another phase of my life. I feel the need to prefer a school that will cater to my needs as a student and at the same time offer opportunities to grow in my other talents and capabilities. Moreover, it must also showcase a nurturing environment where I can establish healthy social relationships with my peers and colleagues.Lastly, I favor an educational institution that will accommodate for my hol istic maturity as an individual. With all of these, Gonzaga College High School came into my mind.One important reason how the Gonzaga will benefit me as a student is the fact that it can serve as my training ground to have the necessary skills to be competitive amongst my counterparts. Its curriculum boasts numerous classroom programs aimed towards enhancing potentials inside and outside the classroom.Likewise, it can instill in me the discipline and proper attitude to address work and study. By giving me these relative experiences, I can better deal with more complex and complicated situations without compromising effectiveness and quality of work.Another reason that Gonzaga can provide assistance in my education is its ability to harness my other capabilities and talents. With my current interest in lacrosse, I feel that I can be a good contribution to the team if ever I am accepted. I will try to the utmost of my capacity to make it one of the best in the league.On the other han d, my musical inclination can be enhanced by the school as well. By giving me the opportunity to play in a musical band, my guitar skills can be better and at the same time provide enjoyment to listeners.Lastly, I do believe that Gonzaga can supply my interests as a student which is why it has been my first choice for attending and independent school. This is because I do not believe that the public school system can give me the sufficient academic and social environment that Ð ° student like myself desires and needs for future advancement.With a better management and dedicated educators, I feel that making this choice shall never be a mistake. This is why I firmly believe that the admission in Gonzaga will give me an edge and provide a learning environment in which I can use to excel and pave the way for a good college education.In the end, it may be true that a good educational institution is beneficial for the student to have a better future. However, it must also take the dedic ation and perseverance of an individual to succeed. I believe that I too must also contribute to my overall improvement.Though the school can have the necessary tools towards attaining these objectives, the rest of the process still rests on my part. Due to this, I feel that having the proper attitude and mindset towards education and learning can supplement what the school and teachers provide. It is this merging and continuous exchange between two processes that the overall goals of self improvement and success are attained

How We Listen By Aaron Copland

In his attempt How We Listen, Aaron Copland classifies and divides the earshot dish out into three separate the esthetical place, the communicative piece of paper, and the sheerly symphonyal piece of paper (1074). I believe by this mechanised separation, Copland succeeds in discussing surd topic, so lifelike that most wad tend to by pass it. He uses analogy and sometimes stresses on certain situation where these monotones be abused or become a cause of a problem. The main conclusion for Copland to separate the perceive plow is for the commentator to learn and study how they listen.Coplands success in the clarification mainly because of two methods (1) Categorizing the listening process in different split and use an analogy to unite it to obtain back the general idea of the listening process and (2) by answering and addressing to problems so the readers will see to it and view as a different view of the text. Categorizing the listening process People listen on the esthetic monotonic for pure entertainment. For example, turning virtuoso the radio while doing something else and absentmindedly bathes in the intelligent (1074).Copland continues talking about the sound stuff (1075) and how composers manipulate it differently. Good attendee should realize that lovely sounding medical specialty is not necessarily great medicine. I believe putting the aesthetic skim over before the opposite two is a good technique, since this is the plane most hoi polloi often relates to. Second plane is the communicative one. Copland now discusses the notion of center in medication. In his view, symphony has a meaning but this meaning is not cover and sometimes it cannot be expressed in words.This plane explains why we get travel or relaxed by symphony. It is more difficult to grasp and required more thickset thought because Copland claims that meaning in music should be no more than a general model (1076). This issue is genuinely(prenominal) phil osophical and one essential(prenominal) yield the train to understand this plane. The next plane deals with the manipulation of the notes and offers a more sharp approach in enhancing musical appreciation. The genuine structure of the music as such the length of the note, pitch, harmony, and tone color are emphasized in this section of the essay.This introductory study of the structure is a must to form a firm origin in the musical piece and to understand the diagnosis of it. This technical and more scientific plane is contradictory to the philosophical aesthetic plane. Therefore, it is some other good technique of Copland to drop a line one right after(prenominal) the other to cover the whole listening process. after expounding his theory on the agency we listen, Copland uses the analogy of a theoretical behave to drive the point home. This is insofar another good technique used by Copland allowing him to clearly demonstrate the interrelating of the three planes.Re garding the high-flown attendee, Copland says In a sense, the ideal listener is both within and outside the music at the same consequence, judging it and enjoying it, privation it would go one way and reflexion it go anotheralmost like the composer at the moment he composes it because in identify to deliver his music, the composer must also be inside and outside his music, carried away but it and yet coldly critical of it. (1078) It is obvious that in Coplands view the best approach consists of the equilibrize mixture of all three planes. reply and addressing to problems Copland uses the three planes of the listening process to name the division of his essay.For great clarity, the text is very clearly organized. He starts with the introduction and tackles the sensuous plane in the second paragraph. umteen people may wonder what tolerant of a problem lies in a purely entertainment plane. He claims that the sensuous plane is abused by people who listens to music to escape reality, yet tranquil addresses themselves as a good music lovers. Copland warns Yes, the sound appeal of music is a potent and primitive force, but you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of your interest. The sensuous plane is an important one in music, a very important one, but it does not constitute the whole story.The understanding of sensuous plane and the actualization that there are more planes in the listening process is stressed. Copland then continues with the expressive plane, objecting to the notion of naive people that music should have concrete meaning. He argues that meaning cannot be explained by words and that people should simply be satisfied with a general concept feel the music. Moving to the third plane -the sheerly musical one- Copland talks about music in terms of notes. This plane concerns musicians and sense of hearing alike.What may go wrong with the makers of music themselves According to Copland, professional musicians are sometimes t oo conscious of the notes They professional musicians often bechance into the error of becoming so concentrate with their arpeggios and staccatos that they forget the deeper aspects of the music they are performing. (1077) From this statement, I believe that theres a fear of losing the expressive plane, if this problem triggers. On the other hand, we have the general audience. Listeners often neglect them. He argues that a good listener should fare the musical structure in order to enhance the enjoyment of music on this plane.

A Study on Religion and the Role of It on People and Media….

Media enquiry Re chase Topic- RELIGION AND MEDIA A STUDY ON RELIGION AND THE ROLE OF IT ON PEOPLE AND MEDIA. NIKESH GHOSH 100601181 potentiometer B ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of in every in any told I thank almighty God for helping me do this look paper and for organism with me all passim the research. Secondly, I would desire to thank Mr. Padma Kumar sir for supporting me and for macrocosm the head of my research. depart hardly n one(a) the least I would wish to thank all my friends who hold in helped me do this paper. Special thanks to my friends Gerson Pearson and Aparna Nair for their ut or so help and support.In What Ways Did holiness and policy-making economy Influence the Development of Medieval Europe and lacquer?OVERVIEW This research paper mainly deals with theology and its par understand on mint through and through with(predicate) media. Here I stir start-offly foc employment on what is worship and media and and so have connect faith with the nine. later on I have interpreted the blood of both(prenominal) of these with the media and all consequences regarding it. I have in addition added to it my aver passel bills regarding the like topic. During the course of the research few questions regarding the same bed has similarly been dealt over here. INTRODUCTION What is organized organized devotion? worship is a pastiche of nonion, faith and culture which sticks unitedly generosity and spirituality. It is more(prenominal)(prenominal) than than a great deal con viewred as an emotional expletive during the clip of crisis. It has a precise(prenominal) deep wedge on sure nation whereas a very small carry on on early(a)s. Religion was thought to be originated round 2500 BC. From then started the rise of worship. Even though thither be a group of grant who does non believe in the preternatural powers and divinity but they believe in cognition to catch the innovation, there is an opposite m ilitary position of it too who believes that the supernatural power is god.Depending on this the religion aspect was be typefaces cut into sev sequencel pieces and these were conjure upd as Judaism, Christianity and Islam as sanitary as Indian and Far Eastern religions wantBuddhism andSikhism Iranic religions wishZoroastrianism andBahai , and Afri corporation indigenous- found religions likeSanteria. Others belief systems were also developed with the rise of time such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as atheism and Mormon church service. This is how religion was separate and this division also led to the contrasts in the wee-wee of god. Basically religion is something brought borderingly(prenominal) by the humanity and it yet serves as a hope and behavior sentence for the believers.Religion is something which has the capability of controlling man. It helps a person gets unloosen of suffering, show them the value of life, enhances the urge to live in a pacifistic route ,to help others which all ultimately leads to a peaceful life. Through this single finds the meaning of his or her life. But on the other hand there is also another folk of raft who uses religion for their personnel fights and creates fights and wars in the name of religion which no god orders to do. People and partnership have the privilege of manipulating things to the means they want and this is just straightaway what these categories of mass ar doing.Even though there atomic matter 18 a portion out of religions people forget to con fountr that the belief and controlling power is just unmatchable. ane more category of people is the mavins who tire outt believe in some(prenominal) of these and just science has the controller of the conception. In spite of all these religion has a very good impact in the peoples mind in the new(a) era. What is media? Media is a very broad and vivid atomic number 18a which is a discourse link to wide variety and categ ory of audience. It is a fountain through which the world links with the mankind. The sources to fall with the audience whitethorn be different like boob tube, tuner, cleanspapers.Internet etc. but the aim is just one and that is to make people aw argon of the day to day even outts occurring crosswise the globe. The people head for the hills to believe these technologies blindly which has accessiond the rate and extend of rise of the media drastically. The source of information and value training to the decree is more and more often the media. The information brought about by the media is what the people believe and try to inculpate and this is over delinquent to the rise in the busy schedule of ones life. Media itself is classified into 1.Advertising media, various media, content, dealing and posture for advertising 2. Broadcast media, colloquys delivered over pot electronic communication networks 3. Digital media, electronic media apply to store, transmit, and recei ve digitized information 4. Electronic media, communications delivered via electronic or electromechanical energy 5. Hypermedia, media with hyperlinks 6. Mass media, all means of sens communications 7. Multimedia, communications that bear multiple forms of information content and processing 8.New media, a broad term encompassing the amalgamation of conventionalistic media with the interactive power of com ordainer and communications engine room 9. News media, mass media foc utilise on communicating word 10. News media (United States), the reinvigorateds media of the United States of the States 11. Print media, communications delivered via paper or see 12. Published media, every media made available to the every(prenominal)day 13. Recording strong suit, devices used to store information 14. tender media, media disseminated through social interaction 15. MEDIA Programme, a European Union initiative to support the European audio-visual welkin (http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/ Media) Relationship of religion and corporation through media As discussed in a higher place, society is very oft influenced by the media and the attitudes of people of religion towards the media argon thoroughgoingly varied from unscholarly acceptance to total rejection of medias presence in the life of society. As we all turn in everything has its dos and donts, this issue atomic number 18 also have both dos and donts. Nowa age the society is so much into the media that they believe anything and everything brought by them blindly . for illustration the unnameable worships and aspects shown in movies vary from film o film and they may show a lot of aspects against and maybe for it. Some people has the ability to throw it wisely whereas there is another category of people who believe the boob tube and other media so blindly that they tend to believe all the spiritual aspects shown through this medium is true which ultimately has led to a lot of impinges . we even do s ome phantasmal themed movies even though has an outstanding performances in it has been outlaw a lot of commodities due to different honourable and spectral issues. At quantify people tend to forget that films ar not reality.But this is not just in the cocktail dress films but any media cogitate aspects crapper very thoroughly influence the peoples mind which has ultimately led to lot of ghostlike dissimilarities and conflicts among people even now. One of such issue is the very famous ayodhya dispute which is even going on now . media has travaild a very ample impact of this issue on the society. During the issue there were several articles against the media too stating that media should be unplowed away from the court and some more. All these atomic number 18 just some examples in order to show the relationship mingled with religion and society through media.Today, the biggest criticism levelled by people of religion is that media are usurping religions place in s ociety. That is to destine shape to a value system and to express the essence of a culture. Religion and media has gained visibility as a bran-new area in the academic Study and familiarity of religions and their impact through a growing number of publications, research centres, and thematically focused conferences and workshops are also carried out. The media and television are believed to challenge the ghostlike world views presently and also in the coming decades.Religion itself is reason as a particular type of in advertiseigence among the media presently. Given below are two images in which one represents the top religious stories occurred in 2009 and other is the selected topics in the us media in the year 2011 in which religion represents 2. 0 per cent of the total. Review of lit 1. Stewart Hoovers recently published monograph (2006), Religion in the Media Age, begins with the following observation Religion and the media count to be ever more connected as we move furthe r into the twenty-? rst century. It is through the media that much of coetaneous religion and spirituality is known. 2. The mission statement for the NYU center national for Religion and Media opens on a similar note, suggesting that In the 21st century, religion is dif? cult to imagine isolated from the dizzying array of media that amplify and circulate its ideas and practices. 3. Gregor Geothals (1981, 1993) and William Fore(1987, 1990, and 1993). television has become the great cultivator of our culture, the great mythmaker of our time providing myths which tell us what hasmeaning for example, the meaning of social maps in society who has the power, who is the aggressor, who is the victim.They tell us who drop do what, to whom, with what consequences. By telling us the way things are they win over us this is the way it ought to be. 4. George Gerbner (1979) . television, in providing a ritualised dramatization of symbols and values, romps a cultural function similar to common religion. Gregory Baum (1993, p. 65) notes that the mass media do much more than meddle information like religion they create the categories mi which we perceive the world. 5. Lee Marsden and Heather Savigny, both at the University of East Anglia, UK. Media Religion and Conflcit is one of the first constructive, unbiassed analyses of its kind which looks at the map of media, religion and conflict in current domestic and global political relation. It forces the ratifier to re-evaluate media constructs, cultural perceptions and issues surrounding identity whilst examining how and why conflict occurs as a result of these self-same media stereotypes. 6. The spirit of networks new media and the changing role of religion in Ameri preempt public life AuthorHealey, Kevin The Spirit of Networks examines the implications of new media for the future of American religious politics.I argue that we are at a critical juncture in both media and religion, similar to the early days of radio broadcasting. The outcome of that earlier juncture involved an increase in media commercialization and the proliferation of conservative evangelical broadcastersdevelopments which paved the way for the emergence of the Religious Right. Today, technological and generational shifts have the potential to alter the course of American religious politics. Younger people are more wary of political partisanship and religious hypocrisy, and are more likely to use new technologies as tools of political engagement.These shifts have led some journalists and researchers to evaluate the devastation of the Religious Right and the emergence of a new Religious Left. 7. A case get with Du, AlSayegh Media and Shaikh Al Oraifi. in that location are relatively some religious media channels through which to communicate effectively and which may be receptive to conveying a communicate on behalf of a company when compared to more mainstream media. Even if a company has a message that theyd l ike to promote and which would appeal to this lay audience. 8.Communication and research trends (center for study of communication and skills volume 21,2002. no. 2media and religion case study ) The relationship betwixt religion and media sheds light on this conundrum the privatization of religion but with public consequences, like the Moslem revolution in Iran or the political role of liberation theology, which illustrates an increasingly complicated negotiation between the private and public spheres. 9. Belief in the Media (Cultural Perspectives on Media and Christianity Horsfield, Peter, Mary E. Hess, and Adan M.Medrano, eds. London Ashgate, 2004. ) Media last and Christian Institutions, explores the impact of media on Christian institutions. This part, of course, drives home the message that institutions can no longer view media as apparently tools for institutional messages rather, the fluidity of media must be taken into account. Mary Hess examines the importance of pop ular culture and how Christian institutions might adapt to it. Both Adan Medrano and Siriwan Santisakultarm job on the use of media in their religious backgrounds, Latino and Siamese Catholicism, respectively.Medranos Making Religious Media demonstrates the difficulty of creating religious television programming, which resonates both with the institutional message and the lives of adherents. In Changes in the Thai Catholic Way of Life, Santisakultarm traces the changing media that dominated Thai Catholic life from viva culture to the purported loss of religious communication with modernization. The net essay in this part explores the U. S. Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal, and Frances Forde Plude suggests that, with this scandal, it becomes clear that the Church and the news media have differ nt and often contrasting views of media. system of study In this qualitative research, firstly I have identified different types of media and evaluated their influence on society. Seco ndly I have explained and evaluated different religious attitudes towards the media and also religion and politics. Thirdly I have focused on the relation between religion media and society. Lastly I have focused on my own views regarding the topics listed above. 1. Types of media and evaluation of their influence in society? The different groups of media include newsprints, magazines, yellow pages, radio, television, press, web and cyberspace.Among these the roughly prominent one in the present days is web and internet. In the last pentad decades or so, the media and its influence on the societies, has grown exponentially with the put across of technology. First there was the telegraph and the post offices, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet and the new media including palmtops, cell phones etc. There are positive and blackball influences of mass media, which we must understand as a responsible person of a society. We have put our trus t on the media as an authority to give us news, delight and education.However, the influence of mass media on our kids, teenagers and society is so big that we should know how it very works. The media makes billions of dollars with the advertising they sell and that we are exposed to, every single moment. We buy what we are told to buy by the media. After seeing thousands of advertisings we make our buying decisions based on what we saw on TV, newspapers or magazines. These are the effects of mass media eespecial(a)ly in teenagers they buy what they see on TV, what their favourite celebrity advertises and what is satisfying by society based on the work that the media has imposed on them. ( http//www. opinion-maker. org/2011/01/mass-media-and-its-influence-on-society/) . The above statements were from an article by M. A. Mugdhal which distinctly tells us about the influence media has on the society. People tend to believe what the media tells so blindly that they forget what the actual reality is. Henceforth, media has a huge rate of responsibility in order to mother up the accurate matters to the society and to educate the society in a proper way.The mass media can create awareness, knowledge of preventive innovations and convey reclaimable information about the skills demand for behaviour modify, but they should not be expected to change strongly held attitudes and behaviour. 2. Religion and media Malcom Muggeridge, a veteran English communicator with a long career in the world of radio and television, thought that one should do without television because it is a medium that traffics in semblance that creates images and ideas that are not true and does not have and cannot have any relationship with truth.For him, the medium is an autonomous element sufficient of creating its own dynamic and, therefore, its own communication structure. just faith can be lived, received and shared outside societys structure and, so, the media are not plainly unne cessary but harmful. Muggeridge saw using mass media as a fourth temptation which deliveryman would have rejected because in reality this medium, because of its very nature, does not lend itself to constructive purposes. On the contrary, media are giving to Christian society something which is on the hook(predicate)ly destructive. This military posture is based on a conception of faiths considered as timeless in order to maintain its award and integrity. Without overlooking the manipulative and deceptive purposes of the mass media, it should not be forgotten that this same a worldly concept is used by those who make use of the fantasy of the media to communicate very effectively the fantasy of their own gospel. Second, according to Neil Postman (6), any religious celebration in the media requires an environment invested with certain sacrality. To do this certain rules of behaviour are needed which are denied by the circumstances in which a religious programme is watched.People eat or prattle or distract themselves with other activities and the way of behaving required by the religious celebration is lacking. But there is more for Postman, the screen is saturated with profane happenings, associated with the world of commercialism and entertainment. In a way it supposes that religion can be successful on television only if it offers what people want, which presumes the trivialisation and emptying out of content. In this respect, we should accept a certain kind of ideal against mass media because their manipulative intentions are more obvious.But this mingled reality must not lead us to believe that a retreat to more traditional forms will simply provide us with the initiative of avoiding all contamination in communication. Has the Christian association always been unpolluted? Since when have only angels p evanesceed from pulpits? Third, Giorgio Giradet(7), an Italian Waldensian pastor, believes that one can find an alternative to extreme positions l ike the total rejection of Muggeridge, or the marked optimism he finds in the electronic church and in pontiff John Paul 11.For him, that alternative has to take five things into account (a) the importance of the media in a setting that includes adept, financial, political and cultural aspects (b) that using an electronic medium, like it or not, is a political act (c) doing everything realizable not to isolate the medium from reality (d) preventing technical questions from alienating the medium from reality (problems of quality, montage, etc. ) (e) further public participation, forestalling passivity.He concludes The struggle for and insistence on possible and sensible use of the media of mass communication centres in the end on reflection about the church. We have to accept that in our world straight off mass media are more and more enough the intimately all consequential(predicate) source of information and entertainment for us. We also need to recognise that they can p lay a significant role in supporting(a) participation in the search for a more just and peaceful world. ( http//www. religion-online. org/showarticle. asp? title=273) . The above article was put forward by Carlos A. Valle.What he tried to convey was just that media can bring about a huge rate of impact on peoples minds regarding religion. For instance, if we take the case of early days, these are the group which are more hook to media forthwith especially internet and these category are the same group which has less knowledge of religion so they depend more on media in order to get different aspects and details regarding religion and the religious issues. As we all saw during the ayodhya issues, or so of the society were kept updated with all the matters on media which clearly shows that media is the only medium which keeps the whole globe one.But as every matter has its negative and positive side . religion and media has also has its positive and negative side too positive neg ative Religions can reach many people who may not differently be reached via the media. This can be very important in helping people understand a faith and its traditions and beliefs. The media can somemultiplication be used to encourage stereotyping and discrimination n against certain religious groups. E. g. the Islamic faith is now believed to be terrorists, due to the 11th September 2001 event. In the modern world, it is important to have a better arrest of those almost you it helps generate harmony and peace. Usually the media broadcast the most controversial stories as they know they will most likely get a response the most outrageous the headline is. Therefore this can cause a disagreement between religions. Prejudice often comes from ignorance, so the media can be used to chip this. Go onto the Internet, and type in a search for a named religious tradition. Youll find official websites, which can give you actual view of that tradition. The media can also be a source for blasphemy, for example The Last Temptation Of Christ, was boycotted and picketed by Christian groups when it first appeared in British cinemas. Christianity and Islam are both missionary religions. There is a religious duty to spread their understanding of God and his laws, and to bring more people into the religion. The media is a good way to spread their message further, faster. It can be seen as a source of corruption, as there are many anti-religious sites. This could be a source for persuasion and may affect the most easily peer pressure girlish teenagers/ young adults. For many people who arent able to attend their own place of worship as often as they would like to, the religious broadcasts bring it to them. It can deepen issues of hypocrisy at bottom religious texts and cause arguments and sometimes in extreme cases violence. The media can be used to bring communities together and families together especially during special religious days. The media can be used to inform religious believers the special ceremonies taking place in areas close to them, allowing the religious community to come together and support the cause or celebrate the event. (http//wiki. nswers. com/Q/How_is_Religion_portrayed_in_the_Media) the above table focuses on the positive and negative side of the role of religion on media. It is usually fantastic to expect the mass media to persuade individuals to adopt an innovation. At best, the media can bring about behaviour change indirectly but not directly influencing them to much extend. Nowadays religion and politics is also getting flowed up. Their relation is like blood and body. unlike people interpret the correlation of religion and politics in different ways and this at times has resulted in lot of conflicts too.Media too has its own way of interpreting religion and politics. Nowadays major forward are put up in livery religion close to media rather than bringing media close to religion and there are also e fforts being made in order to eliminate the discrepancys between the two. An article in http//religionmeetsnewmedia. blogspot. in/ on Tuesday February 07, 2012 has inform the launch of the New Media, Religion Digital Culture Studies Website. This clearly shows the advancing methods and ideas inorder to bring religion and media together and avoid conflicts between them.This way a peaceful world can be developed. Media as such as a very much role in the diffusion of innovation. 3. Religion, media and society. Religion, media and society is always linked together. Nowadays the society is mostly informed with the religious aspects and issues through the media . so their linking is inevitable. As stated in an article The replication of a study first carried out in the 1980s that examines keep onage of religion by major TV channels and newspapers (UK).Analyses cover all forms of religion (popular religion, spirituality and new religions as well as conventional ones) and the secular taboo? (e. g. freedom of expression, the value of equality, and human rights as sacred concerns). A key finding is that coverage of Islam has closely doubled, but Islam is generally framed as a problem in relation to terrorism, extremism, attitudes to women, or ill luck to integrate. Christian identity is presented as under panic, specially in right wing and tabloid media, because of political correctness and the equality agenda.Strong atheist and secularist voices have emerged since the 1980s, though their media portrayal is contentious. Identity issues are commonly presented in the media, but there is frequently a difference between media Portrayals and the self-identities of religious and secular groups. Equality, multiculturalism and discrimination comprehend to be discussed. Their treatment needs to be dumb in spite of appearance the editorial context and rhetorical room of the newspaper or TV channel in which they appear. ( http//www. religionandsociety. org. k/uploads /docs/2011_05/1306247842_LINDA_WOODHEAD_FINAL_REPORT_MAY_2011. pdf research conducted by Kim knott. ) This article is all about the link between religion media and society. Religion has both positive and negative side within the society as well as within the media. In some cases through media we come to know about the different ways in which religious places helps the poor and the needy and in other way we come to know about the different war and fights in the society regarding different religion or among different religion through media.An article by the national institute of health states that One side effect that has noticed by the National wreak of Health (PA-04-115), and is currently being studied further, is a reduction in cases of HIV and AIDS in areas that have received help by faith-based religions. The initiate of thought is that the focus on family and values slightly sexuality of these religions are causing people to be more cautious and use protection. (http//www. studymode. com/essays/Effects-Religion-Society-160822. tml) But as we all know that we have come across lot of instances when religion has led to wars and ultimately death of millions. For example, the thirty years war in blessed roman empire between the protestants and Catholics crusades in Blessed land, Europe between Islam and Christian Lebanese well-bred war in Lebanon between Sunni, Shiite, Christian. These are the a few(prenominal) instances in which religion has led to war. But nowadays if there was no populace of media the youth may not be aware of all these. In this busy world no one is fazed to know all this.But still due to the existence of media the youth and the people of the present generation are very well informed about all these issues Nextly we can talk about the religion terrorism which is very well talked in media nowadays. A major trend seen nowadays is that all the religious conflicts are justified by the person who starts it. They have excuse for all t he violence they start. When religion goes bad that is dangerous and media in a way causes awareness to the people regarding this matter too. But it has its own negative point of view also. One such example is the al radix attacks on September 11, 2001. he Sept. 11, 2001, al Qaeda attacks highlighted just how dangerous a mix terrorism and religion is. This perception has been solidified by the series of terrorist strikes that have been launched since whether by al Qaeda or its affiliates as cold a field as Bali, Spain, and Saudi Arabia. All these attacks highlight the threat posed by Islamic terrorists in particular. However, while, they reflect a wider phenomenon of Muslim extremists resorting to terrorism in stake of their aims, they are but the (as yet) bloodiest expression of a phenomenon which extends far beyond Islam. (http//studies. agentura. ru/centres/cdi/explaining1/) The place of media in the modern society is rising tremendously that people prefer to get informatio n more preferably from some source of media mainly internet. What is religion, its issues and related all matters are now more dependent and available from media. 4. My views and opinions regarding media and religion As from all the above listed studies it is very well clear about the impact of media on the society and impact of religion on the society and thereby media and religion also gets linked up.As we all know that almost all newspapers has a columns which report religious aspects ( exceptional case like left front parties), Times of India carries a particular column ( like speaking tree) which is themed for Hindu linings. Even we can take the case about a particular newspaper which is named The Hindu even though it has nothing to do with the Hindu religion and this particular paper has a side for religion which reports and keeps updated with the various religious aspects occurring around the world.Even nowadays the new age guru s is promoted by the media itself . from all th ese it is very well understood the role of media in promoting religion and related superstitions and matters. It is the only medium which can reach millions of people at the same time and in a modern era people are more dependent on media. The adoption of internet and other media by the youth as led to much better diffusion of innovations and with better understanding. Religion has now become a thoroughly mediatised experience and the interconnection of media and religion depends on the society.As we all know that religious institutions and individuals are now very well influenced by the media. We can tell that in a way lot many of them exist only because of the media impact. This is why some times the wrong religious practices are often questioned by the media and they always have to face the danger from media and this is one of the reason too that some of the religious institutions or individuals are opposing media at times. Among all the media, internet is the newest and most pop ular medium affecting the religious aspects in the present era. If